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Delphi Net .BDSPROJ - Felix John COLIBRI. |
- abstract : presentation of the format and a tool analyzing the .BDSPROJ file of Delphi for .Net
- key words : Delphi, .Net, Delphi 7, Delphi 8, Delphi 2005, configuration
file, .DOF, .BDSPROJ, .XML, scanner, parser
- software used : Windows XP, Delphi 6
- hardware used : Pentium 1.400Mhz, 256 M memory, 140 G hard disc
- scope : Delphi 7, Delphi 8, Delphi 2005
- level : Delphi developer
- plan :
1 - Introduction When we started publishing papers with Delphi 8, we could no longer use our
Delphi 6 utilities to package the .ZIP, since the .DOF is gone. We had to analyze the .BDSPROJ file, and then could adapt the usual utilities. This paper presents a .BDSPROJ analyzer which you might use to perform similar tasks.
2 - The .BDSPROJ analyzer 2.1 - The Delphi Net files When you use Delphi for .Net (Delphi 7, I assume, and Delphi 8,
Delphi 2005), some of the auxiliary files have been changed. Here are the main changes: - the .DOF (Delphi Option File) has been replaced with the .BDSPROJ
- under Vcl.Net
- the .DFM has been changed into an .NFM
- under Windows.Forms
- the .DFM has been changed into a .RESX
- each tForm has an associated .TWinForm.resources
Other files will appear (.RSP, .IDENTCACHE) and the the compilation will generate - the .EXE and some .DCUIL (the equivalent of the .DCU)
- other files (.PDB) and a MODEL folder containing some .TXVPCK
The bare minimum to rebuild the project seem to be - the .PAS
- the .NFM or .RESX
- the .DPR and the .BDSPROJ
2.2 - The Zipping problem In order to build a self sufficient .ZIP, we used to analyze the .DPR, the .PAS
and the .DOF to find all units directly or indirectly called by the project, copy the files to a new folder, change all pathes to relative pathes, check compilation using DCC, and Zip the whole thing.
Of course the whole thing fell apart since there is no .DOF any more. Why has the .DOF be changed ? "To have a human readable configuration file". Well, to read the ASCII .DOF in .INI format, Notepad seemed to succeeded quite
nicely. Yes, but it was not .XML. Just changing the extension from .BDSPROJ to .TXT will allow you to examine the file's content. All that remains to be done is to analyze the .XML file to extract the pathes used by the project.
To analyze .XML, you have many Delphi solution, the Microsoft COM library, the DOM and other custom libraries. But to analyze such a small .XML file, we prefered to use our own simple parser, and this is what we are going to do now
2.3 - The .BDSPROJ format The .BDSPROJ is an .XML file with - a three byte signature $EF $BB $BF
- a <? xxx ?> format specifier (version and UTF-8)
- the <BorlandProject> tag containing the configuration, in nested tags.
As already explained, if you wish to see the .BDSPROJ content, simply change the extension to .TXT and click on the file: NotePad will show it all.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<BorlandProject>
<PersonalityInfo>
<Option>
<Option Name="Personality" Type="String">DelphiDotNet.Personality</Option>
<Option Name="ProjectType" Type="String"></Option>
<Option Name="Version" Type="String">1.0</Option>
<Option Name="GUID" Type="String">{EE91EEC8-42C2-4E7C-AC35-49467C8B41B3}</Option>
</Option>
</PersonalityInfo>
<DelphiDotNet.Personality>
<Source>
<Source Name="MainSource" Type="String">p_win_bdp_insert_data.dpr</Source>
| The structure is the following: - personality: the kind of file
- DelphiDotNet.Personality:
- source name
- compiler options
- IDE options (ShowHint etc)
- Linker options
- Directories (this is the one we are looking for)
- Parameters
- Language
- VersionInfo
- VersionInfoKeys
- FileList
To analyze the .BDSPROJ we used our simple scanner / parser combination.
2.4 - The XML Data To parse any tagged text (.HTML, .XML or similar) you have two possibilities:
- either call a user-event whenever you find some information
- or to build a tree-like structure and let the user climb up and down this tree
Since we want to be able to rewrite the .BDSPROJ after some modifications, the
tree seemed more natural. Basically, an .XML file contains: - tags, like
<file>
- the tag is matched with an anti-tag:
</file>
- between the tags is some text:
<file> Delphi </file>
- the tag can contain some attributes
<file version="1.234">
- if the text is empty, the tag and the anti-tag can be collapsed in a single element
<file version="1.234"/>
- the text part can contain sub-tags
<file> Delphi <source> compute.pas </source> </file>
In the following description we notice that the typical tag will look like
<aaa> BBB <ccc> DDD <eee> FFFF </eee> </ccc> GGG <hhh/> </aaa> where we find - the tag and anti-tag
<aaa> BBB <ccc> DDD <eee> FFFF </eee> </ccc> GGG <hhh/> </aaa> - the text between the markers
<aaa> BBB <ccc> DDD <eee> FFFF </eee> </ccc> GGG <hhh/> </aaa> and the text is composed of:
So the iterative part is in the text between <xxx> and </xxx>. In addition, in the case of .BDSPROJ, the anti-tag contains no attribute values. To represent our .XML, we used - a c_xml_tag CLASS, with
- the name of the tag (xxx)
- a list of
- strings (BBB, GGG)
- sub-tags (ccc, hhh), which are themselves c_xml_tags
- since the string / sub-tags are in a list, we used a common ancestor
CLASS, which is here the c_xml_string. The c_xml_tag is a descendent of the c_xml_string CLASS
- the attributes of the tag (the uuu="vvv" pairs) have been stored in two tStringLists
- a c_xml_text contains both the comment and the main tag
The Delphi definitions are the following: - the c_xml_string:
c_xml_string= Class(c_basic_object)
// -- m_name: the string
Constructor create_xml_string(p_name: String);
function f_display_xml_string: String;
function f_c_self: c_xml_string;
end; // c_xml_string
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- the c_xml_tag is defined as:
c_xml_tag= Class(c_xml_string)
// -- m_name: the tag name
// -- the key="value" lists
m_c_key_list, m_c_value_list: tStringList;
// -- the (optional) content between <xxx> and </xxx>
m_c_xml_tag_content_list: c_xml_tag_content_list;
Constructor create_xml_tag(p_name: String);
function f_c_self: c_xml_tag;
procedure add_attribute(p_key, p_value: String);
function f_display_xml_tag: String;
function f_display_xml_name_and_attributes: String;
procedure display_strings;
procedure display_xml_tag;
function f_contains_string: Boolean;
function f_key_value(p_key: String): String;
function f_c_get_strings_list: tStringList;
Destructor Destroy; Override;
end; // c_xml_tag
|
- the iterative elements are encapsulated in a tSringList
c_xml_tag_content_list= Class(c_basic_object)
m_c_xml_tag_content_list: tStringList;
Constructor create_xml_tag_content_list(p_name: String);
function f_xml_tag_content_count: Integer;
function f_c_xml_tag_content(p_xml_tag_content_index: Integer): c_xml_string;
function f_index_of(p_xml_tag_content_name: String): Integer;
procedure add_xml_string(p_c_xml_string: c_xml_string);
function f_c_find_by_xml_tag_content(p_xml_tag_content_name: String): c_xml_tag;
procedure display_xml_tag_content_list;
function f_contains_string: Boolean;
procedure display_strings;
function f_c_get_strings_list: tStringList;
Destructor Destroy; Override;
end; // c_xml_tag_content_list
| - the whole file is represented by:
c_xml_text= Class(c_basic_object)
m_c_xml_comment: c_xml_tag;
m_c_xml_content: c_xml_tag;
Constructor create_xml_text(p_name: String);
procedure display_xml_text;
Destructor Destroy; Override;
end; // c_xml_text
|
In UML notation, the class diagram is the following:
2.5 - The XML Scanner The basic tokens are: - the XML markers < > /> </ <? ?>
- the tag content punctuations . =
- the identifiers
- the strings
Our scanner then defines the following symbol types:
type t_symbol_type= (e_unknown_symbol,
e_string_symbol,
e_integer_symbol,
e_identifier_symbol,
e_free_text_symbol,
e_text_symbol, // -- anything but <
e_opening_tag_symbol,
e_closing_tag_symbol,
e_point_symbol,
e_equal_symbol,
e_opening_anti_tag_symbol, // </
e_closing_anti_tag_symbol, // />
e_comment_start_symbol, // <?
e_comment_end_symbol, // ?>
e_end_symbol
);
| The main loop is the classical CASE:
case m_pt_buffer[m_buffer_index] of
'<' : if (m_buffer_index+ 1< m_buffer_size)
and (m_pt_buffer[m_buffer_index+ 1]= '/')
then get_2_operator_symbol(e_opening_anti_tag_symbol)
else
if (m_buffer_index+ 1< m_buffer_size)
and (m_pt_buffer[m_buffer_index+ 1]= '?')
then get_2_operator_symbol(e_comment_start_symbol)
else get_operator_symbol(e_opening_tag_symbol);
'>' : get_operator_symbol(e_closing_tag_symbol);
'/' : if (m_buffer_index+ 1< m_buffer_size)
and (m_pt_buffer[m_buffer_index+ 1]= '>')
then get_2_operator_symbol(e_closing_anti_tag_symbol)
else get_operator_symbol(e_closing_tag_symbol);
'?' : if (m_buffer_index+ 1< m_buffer_size)
and (m_pt_buffer[m_buffer_index+ 1]= '>')
then get_2_operator_symbol(e_comment_end_symbol)
else get_unknown_symbol;
'=' : get_operator_symbol(e_equal_symbol);
'.' : get_operator_symbol(e_point_symbol);
'"' : get_string_symbol;
'a'..'z', 'A'..'Z' : get_identifier;
else
get_unknown_symbol
end; // case
|
and, as an example, the procedure to get the litteral string:
procedure get_string_symbol;
// -- the string without the quotes
var l_start_index: Integer;
begin
// -- remember the first character after the quote
l_start_index:= m_buffer_index+ 1;
repeat
inc(m_buffer_index);
until (m_buffer_index>= m_buffer_size)
or (m_pt_buffer[m_buffer_index]= '"');
m_symbol_string:= f_extract_string_start_end(l_start_index, m_buffer_index- 1);
m_symbol_type:= e_string_symbol;
// -- skip closing "
inc(m_buffer_index);
end; // get_string_symbol
|
The scanner class is defined as:
c_xml_scanner= class(c_text_file)
m_blank_string: String;
m_symbol_string: String;
m_symbol_type: t_symbol_type;
m_c_unknown_symbol_list: tStringList;
constructor create_xml_scanner(p_name,
p_file_name: String);
procedure display_error(p_text: String);
procedure get_symbol;
procedure get_text_symbol;
procedure test_scanner(p_display: Boolean);
destructor Destroy; Override;
end; // c_xml_scanner
| where
- get_symbol and get_text_symbol are the procedures called by the parser
- test_scanner simply scans the whole text, and m_c_unknown_symbol_list shows unrecognized symbols, if any
2.6 - The XML parser We started with the following .XML grammar (nested EBNF):
xml_document= comment tag_content .
tag_name= NAME [ '.' NAME ] .
tag_name_and_attributes= tag_name { NAME '=' STRING } .
comment= '<?' tag_name_and_attributes '?>' .
tag_content= '<' tag_name_and_attributes ( '>' { any |
tag_content } '</' tag_name '>' | '/>' ) .
any= ANY_BUT ('<') . |
Our compiler's compiler generated the base recursive descent parsing, and we only had to add the tree building lines. Here is the parser definition:
c_xml_parser= class(c_basic_object)
m_c_xml_scanner_ref: c_xml_scanner;
constructor create_xml_parser(p_name: String;
p_c_xml_scanner_ref: c_xml_scanner);
procedure parse_xml(p_c_xml_text: c_xml_text);
end; // c_xml_parser
|
and, as an example, the parsing and building of a tag:
function f_c_parse_tag_content_recursive: c_xml_tag;
var l_c_xml_sub_tag: c_xml_tag;
l_c_xml_string: c_xml_string;
BEGIN
check(e_opening_tag_symbol);
read_symbol;
Result:= f_c_parse_tag_name_and_attributes;
IF l_symbol_type= e_closing_tag_symbol
THEN BEGIN
// -- skip ">"
read_text_symbol;
// -- await "</"
while l_symbol_type<> e_opening_anti_tag_symbol do
begin
IF l_symbol_type= e_opening_tag_symbol
THEN begin
l_c_xml_sub_tag:= f_c_parse_tag_content_recursive;
Result.m_c_xml_tag_content_list.add_xml_string(l_c_xml_sub_tag);
end
else begin
// -- any content, but skip blanks
if not f_contains_only(l_symbol_string, [' ', k_tabulation, k_return, k_line_feed])
then begin
l_c_xml_string:= c_xml_string.create_xml_string(l_symbol_string);
Result.m_c_xml_tag_content_list.add_xml_string(l_c_xml_string);
end;
read_symbol;
end;
end; // while
// -- skip "</"
check(e_opening_anti_tag_symbol);
read_symbol;
f_parse_tag_name;
check(e_closing_tag_symbol);
read_symbol;
END // closing simple
ELSE
IF l_symbol_type= e_closing_anti_tag_symbol
THEN
read_symbol
ELSE display_parser_error('>, />');
END; // f_c_parse_tag_content_recursive
|
2.7 - The display of the Directories
Here is an example or the client program: procedure analyze_all_xml;
var l_c_xml_scanner: c_xml_scanner;
l_c_xml_text: c_xml_text;
begin
l_c_xml_scanner:= c_xml_scanner.create_xml_scanner('scanner',
g_source_path+ g_file_name);
l_c_xml_text:= c_xml_text.create_xml_text('xml_text');
with c_xml_parser.create_xml_parser('parser', l_c_xml_scanner) do
begin
m_trace_paser:= True;
parse_xml(l_c_xml_text);
Free;
end; // with c_xml_parser
with l_c_xml_text do
begin
display_xml_text;
Free;
end;
end; // analyze_all_xml
|
Here is a snapshot of the application: 
And the partial result of the program looks like this:
> BorlandProject
> PersonalityInfo
> Option
> Option [Name=Personality Type=String]
DelphiDotNet.Personality
> Option [Name=ProjectType Type=String]
> Option [Name=Version Type=String]
1.0
> Option [Name=GUID Type=String]
{EE91EEC8-42C2-4E7C-AC35-49467C8B41B3}
> DelphiDotNet.Personality
> Source
> Source [Name=MainSource Type=String]
p_win_bdp_insert_data.dpr
> FileVersion
> FileVersion [Name=Version Type=String]
7.0 |
This is very similar to what NotePad presented. But we have a tree structure which will be very simple to use in order to extract the pathes, or even to replace some information. In the companion paper, we will present how to generate a DCCIL .BAT file.
3 - Some Open Questions You will notice that the .BDSPROJ structure closely follows the Project | Options dialog organization. There are a couple of points which I could not explain:
- why does the .DPR includes some informations that already reside in the .BDSPROJ ?
- I've heard that the .DPR is only present for backward compatibility and historical reasons. Is this true ? I continue to start a project by clicking
on the .DPR in a Windows File Explorer, but Delphi always presents the .BDSPROJ when I select "reopen project"
- When started programming with Delphi 8, I purchased the
Pacheco book. I have their "developer's guides" since Delphi 2. I then tried out a couple of examples. When I started a new project, I used "save as" in a new folder, renaming the project and the
unit. However the .DOF, AND the .DPR kept the note about the Texeira previous visit:
<FileList>
<File FileName="C:\prog\delphi_8\_pacheco\Chapter 24\Ex04\ WinForm.resx" ContainerId="ResXCompiler" ModuleName="WinForm"
Parent="C:\prog\delphi_8\ _pacheco\Chapter 24\Ex04\WinForm.pas"> Although I am not ashamed of having tried a program from a book I purchased, I not sure that I would be glad to see my customers finding references about
other projects I am working on in the sources I send them. We used to clean up the .DOF of any "history" entries (search, replace, file list etc). So we will do the same for the .BDSPROJ. But since there is now
some duplication with the .DPR, we will need to also cleanup the .DPR.
- the Delphi for Net versions use project groups. Those groups existed since at least Delphi 5 now. I never used them, feeling that I already have
enough work with one project. But in Delphi for Net, this group seems to be mandatory. Is there a way to get rid of this ?
- in addition, the "save as" does not work as in Delphi 6:
- under Windows, each Process has a current path. When we change the current path, all reading and writing of files without a path qualifier will be done in this current path
- when we wanted to build a new version of a project
- we used "save project as", changing the path, which then became the current path
- we used "save as" for all the units, which would be saved in the current path
- under Delphi for Net, you can use "save project as" to save the project in a new path. But "save as" for the units keeps the units in their original path (and does NOT put them in the new current path)
I assume this is related to the "Project Group" issue: people working on many projects at the same time might not want to save renamed units from Project1 in the "current path" which might be the path or Project2.
Why are we raising this issue here ? Because when we copied the new project, in some cases the .DPR kept a reference of a previous unit from another path in its USES list. This naturally caused havock with our DCCIL compilation.
So we will have to check this also.
Does anybody knows whether there is a way to get the old "current path" behaviour ?
4 - Download the Sources
Here are the source code files: The .ZIP file(s) contain: - the main program (.DPR, .DOF, .RES), the main form (.PAS, .DFM), and any
other auxiliary form
- any .TXT for parameters, samples, test data
- all units (.PAS) for units
Those .ZIP - are self-contained: you will not need any other product (unless expressly mentioned).
- for Delphi 6 projects, can be used from any folder (the pathes are RELATIVE)
- will not modify your PC in any way beyond the path where you placed the .ZIP (no registry changes, no path creation etc).
To use the .ZIP:
- create or select any folder of your choice
- unzip the downloaded file
- using Delphi, compile and execute
To remove the .ZIP simply delete the folder.
The Pascal code uses the Alsacian notation, which prefixes identifier by program area: K_onstant, T_ype, G_lobal, L_ocal, P_arametre, F_unction, C_lass etc. This notation is presented in the Alsacian Notation paper.
As usual:
- please tell us at fcolibri@felix-colibri.com if you found some errors, mistakes, bugs, broken links or had some problem downloading the file. Resulting corrections will
be helpful for other readers
- we welcome any comment, criticism, enhancement, other sources or reference suggestion. Just send an e-mail to fcolibri@felix-colibri.com.
- or more simply, enter your (anonymous or with your e-mail if you want an answer) comments below and clic the "send" button
- and if you liked this article, talk about this site to your fellow developpers, add a link to your links page ou mention our articles in your blog or newsgroup posts when relevant. That's the way we operate:
the more traffic and Google references we get, the more articles we will write.
5 - Conclusion We presented a very simple .XML parser to explore the .BDSPROJ configuration
file used by Delphi 7, Delphi 8 and Delphi 2005.
6 - References - Xavier PACHECO (editor)
Delphi for .NET - Developper's Guide
Sams - ISBN 0 672 32443 - 1 - 2004
The equivalent of Petzold's books to start on the .Net platform with Delphi
7 - Other Papers with Source and Links
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| | delphi web designer |
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| delphi socket architecture |
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| | delphi generics tutorial |
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| | UML Patterns |
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a Full Text Search unit allowing to find the files in a directory satisfying a complex string request (UML AND Delphi OR Patters) | |
treeview html help viewer |
Treeview .HTML Help Viewer : the use of a Treeview along with a WebBrowser to display .HTML files alows both structuring and ordering of the help topics. This tool was used to browse the Delphi PRISM Wiki help. | |
| | Delphi utilities |
| delphi net bdsproj |
structure and analysis of the .BDSPROJ file with the help of a small Delphi .XML parser | | dccil bat generator
| generation of the .BAT for the Delphi DCCIL command line compiler using the .BDSPROJ | | dfm parser |
a Delphi Project analyzing the .DFM file and building a memory representation. This can be used for transformations of the form components | |
dfm binary to text | a Delphi Project converting all .DFM file from a path from binary to ascii format |
| component to code |
generate the component creation and initialization code by analyzing the .DFM. Handy to avoid installing components on the Palette when examining new libraries | |
exe dll pe explorer |
presents and analyzes the content of .EXE and .DLL files. The starting point for extracting resources, spying .DLL function calls or injecting additional functionalities | |
dll and process viewer |
analyze and display the list of running processes, with their associated DLLs and Memory mapped files (Process Walker) | | |
| Controls | |
find memo | a tMemo with "find first", "find next", "sort", "save" capabilities | | |
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8 - The author
Felix John COLIBRI works at the Pascal Institute. Starting with Pascal in 1979, he then became involved with Object Oriented Programming, Delphi, Sql, Tcp/Ip, Html, UML. Currently, he is mainly
active in the area of custom software development (new projects, maintenance, audits, BDE migration, Delphi
Xe_n migrations, refactoring), Delphi Consulting and Delph
training. His web site features tutorials, technical papers about programming with full downloadable source code, and the description and calendar of forthcoming Delphi, FireBird, Tcp/IP, Web Services, OOP / UML, Design Patterns, Unit Testing training sessions.
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